El debate eritritol y riesgo cardiovascular sigue abierto
Afirmación
Estudios observacionales y de intervención asociaron niveles altos de eritritol con mayor reactividad plaquetaria y eventos cardiovasculares; otros autores cuestionan la causalidad y la extrapolación a dosis alimentarias habituales.
Evidencia
“Our findings reveal that erythritol is both associated with incident MACE risk and fosters enhanced thrombosis. Studies assessing the long-term safety of erythritol are warranted.” (Witkowski et al., 2023, p. 3)
“Another limitation of our clinical observational studies is that by design, these studies can only show association, and not causation.” (Witkowski et al., 2023, p. 9)
“Importantly, the authors did not present data demonstrating that consumption of erythritol promotes platelet activation and clot formation.” (Mazi y Stanhope, 2023, p. 2)
“Until these data are available, it cannot be concluded that dietary erythritol promotes platelet activation and cardiometabolic risk.” (Mazi y Stanhope, 2023, p. 7)
“Ingestion of a typical quantity of the non-nutritive sweetener erythritol, but not glucose, enhances platelet reactivity in healthy volunteers, raising concerns that erythritol consumption may enhance thrombosis potential.” (Witkowski et al., 2024, p. 2; página física del manuscrito aceptado del autor)
“We found that the RR in the Q4 of erythritol was attenuated after adding diabetes [RR 1.21 (95% CI: 0.86, 1.70) in Model 4b].” (Heianza et al., 2024, p. 5)
“A potential short-term effect of xylitol and erythritol on ex vivo human platelet responsiveness has so far been shown in a small pilot trial. These findings need to be replicated in placebo-controlled studies with larger sample sizes and longer durations than 30 min after ingestion.” (Wölnerhanssen et al., 2025, p. 8)
Para el TFE
El TFE debe presentar ambas posturas con prudencia (dosis por porción, advertencias, alternativa de polioles mixtos) en vez de afirmar que el producto es ‘una alternativa segura’.